Refactor char_lcd functions

main/drivers/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ set(SOURCES
     "bottom_half.cpp"
     "char_lcd.cpp"
     "game_timer.cpp"
+    "i2c_lcd_pcf8574.c"
     "leds.cpp"
     "power.cpp"
     "sd.cpp"

main/drivers/all.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#include "all.h"
+
+static void init_i2c();
+
+void init_drivers() {
+    init_i2c();
+    // init char_lcd so we can report any issues on it.
+    init_char_lcd();
+}
+
+/// @brief Initializes I2C_NUM_0. 
+///
+/// This is hooked up the to:
+///  - The bottom half
+///  - The char lcd
+///  - The power board
+///  - The MPU6050
+///  - The PERH port
+///  - The Capacitive Touch Panel
+static void init_i2c() {
+    i2c_config_t conf = {
+        .mode = I2C_MODE_MASTER,
+        .sda_io_num = GPIO_NUM_5,
+        .scl_io_num = GPIO_NUM_6,
+        .sda_pullup_en = GPIO_PULLUP_DISABLE,
+        .scl_pullup_en = GPIO_PULLUP_DISABLE,
+        // .sda_pullup_en = GPIO_PULLUP_ENABLE,
+        // .scl_pullup_en = GPIO_PULLUP_ENABLE,
+        .master = {
+            .clk_speed = 100*1000,
+        }
+    };
+
+    ESP_ERROR_CHECK(i2c_param_config(I2C_NUM_0, &conf));
+    ESP_ERROR_CHECK(i2c_driver_install(I2C_NUM_0, conf.mode, 0, 0, 0));
+}

main/drivers/all.h

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#ifndef ALL_H
+#define ALL_H
+
+#include "char_lcd.h"
+#include "sd.h"
+
+void init_drivers();
+
+#endif /* ALL_H */

main/drivers/bottom_half.cpp

@@ -180,19 +180,7 @@ static void receive_touch(void);
 // }
 
 void init_bottom_half() {
-    i2c_config_t conf = {
+    
-        .mode = I2C_MODE_MASTER,
-        .sda_io_num = GPIO_NUM_5,
-        .scl_io_num = GPIO_NUM_6,
-        .sda_pullup_en = GPIO_PULLUP_ENABLE,
-        .scl_pullup_en = GPIO_PULLUP_ENABLE,
-        .master = {
-            .clk_speed = 100000,
-        }
-    };
-
-    ESP_ERROR_CHECK(i2c_param_config(BOTTOM_I2C_NUM, &conf));
-    ESP_ERROR_CHECK(i2c_driver_install(BOTTOM_I2C_NUM, conf.mode, 0, 0, 0));
 
     gpio_config_t delta_pin_conf = {};
     // delta_pin_conf.intr_type = GPIO_INTR_LOW_LEVEL;

main/drivers/char_lcd.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 #include "char_lcd.h"
 
+#include "./i2c_lcd_pcf8574.h"
+#include <esp_log.h>
+
 i2c_lcd_pcf8574_handle_t lcd;
 
 static const char *TAG = "char_lcd";
 
+/// Initializes the 2004 Character LCD
 void init_char_lcd(void) {
     lcd_init(&lcd, LCD_ADDR, CHAR_LCD_I2C_NUM);
     lcd_begin(&lcd, LCD_COLS, LCD_ROWS);
@@ -12,3 +16,99 @@ void init_char_lcd(void) {
 
     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "LCD initialized");
 }
+
+
+/// Clear the LCD
+void lcd_clear() {
+    lcd_clear(&lcd);
+}
+
+/// Move cursor to home position
+void lcd_cursor_home() {
+    lcd_home(&lcd);
+}
+
+/// Set cursor position
+void lcd_set_cursor_pos(uint8_t col, uint8_t row) {
+    lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, col, row);
+}
+
+/// Turn the display on/off
+void lcd_set_display(bool display) {
+    if (display) {
+        lcd_display(&lcd);
+    } else {
+        lcd_no_display(&lcd);
+    }
+}
+
+/// Turn the cursor's visibility on/off
+void lcd_set_cursor_vis(bool cursor) {
+    if (cursor) {
+        lcd_cursor(&lcd);
+    } else {
+        lcd_no_cursor(&lcd);
+    }
+}
+
+/// Turn blinking cursor on/off
+void lcd_set_cursor_blink(bool blink) {
+    if (blink) {
+        lcd_blink(&lcd);
+    } else {
+        lcd_no_blink(&lcd);
+    }
+}
+
+/// Scroll the display left
+void lcd_scroll_display_left() {
+    lcd_scroll_display_left(&lcd);
+}
+/// Scroll the display right
+void lcd_scroll_display_right() {
+    lcd_scroll_display_right(&lcd);
+}
+
+/// Set the text to flows automatically left to right
+void lcd_left_to_right() {
+    lcd_left_to_right(&lcd);
+}
+/// Set the text to flows automatically right to left
+void lcd_right_to_left() {
+    lcd_right_to_left(&lcd);
+}
+
+// Turn on/off autoscroll
+void lcd_set_autoscroll(bool autoscroll) {
+    if (autoscroll) {
+        lcd_autoscroll(&lcd);
+    } else {
+        lcd_no_autoscroll(&lcd);
+    }
+}
+
+// Set backlight brightness
+void lcd_set_backlight(uint8_t brightness) {
+    lcd_set_backlight(&lcd, brightness);
+}
+
+// Create a custom character
+void lcd_create_char(uint8_t location, uint8_t charmap[]) {
+    lcd_create_char(&lcd, location, charmap);
+}
+
+// Write a character to the LCD
+void lcd_write(uint8_t value) {
+    lcd_write(&lcd, value);
+}
+
+// Print a string to the LCD
+void lcd_print(const char* str) {
+    lcd_print(&lcd, str);
+}
+
+// Print a string to the LCD at a given pos
+void lcd_print(uint8_t col, uint8_t row, const char* str) {
+    lcd_set_cursor_pos(col, row);
+    lcd_print(&lcd, str);
+}

main/drivers/char_lcd.h

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef CHAR_LCD_H
 #define CHAR_LCD_H
 
-#include "./i2c_lcd_pcf8574.h"
+#include <cstdint>
-#include <esp_log.h>
 
 #define CHAR_LCD_I2C_NUM I2C_NUM_0
 
@@ -10,8 +9,53 @@
 #define LCD_COLS 20
 #define LCD_ROWS 4
 
-extern i2c_lcd_pcf8574_handle_t lcd;
+/// Initializes the 2004 Character LCD
+void init_lcd(void);
 
-void init_char_lcd(void);
+/// Clear the LCD
+void lcd_clear();
+
+/// Move cursor to home position
+void lcd_cursor_home();
+
+/// Set cursor position
+void lcd_set_cursor_pos(uint8_t col, uint8_t row);
+
+/// Turn the display on/off
+void lcd_set_display(bool display);
+
+/// Turn the cursor's visibility on/off
+void lcd_set_cursor_vis(bool cursor);
+
+/// Turn blinking cursor on/off
+void lcd_set_cursor_blink(bool blink);
+
+/// Scroll the display left
+void lcd_scroll_display_left();
+/// Scroll the display right
+void lcd_scroll_display_right();
+
+/// Set the text to flows automatically left to right
+void lcd_left_to_right();
+/// Set the text to flows automatically right to left
+void lcd_right_to_left();
+
+// Turn on/off autoscroll
+void lcd_set_autoscroll(bool autoscroll);
+
+// Set backlight brightness
+void lcd_set_backlight(uint8_t brightness);
+
+// Create a custom character
+void lcd_create_char(uint8_t location, uint8_t charmap[]);
+
+// Write a character to the LCD
+void lcd_write(uint8_t value);
+
+// Print a string to the LCD
+void lcd_print(const char* str);
+
+// Print a string to the LCD at a given pos
+void lcd_print(uint8_t col, uint8_t row, const char* str);
 
 #endif /* CHAR_LCD_H */

main/drivers/i2c_lcd_pcf8574.c

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /// \file i2c_lcd_pcf8574.c
 /// \brief Liquid Crystal display driver with PCF8574 adapter for esp-idf
-///
+/// 
 /// \author Femi Olugbon, https://iamflinks.github.io
 /// \copyright Copyright (c) 2024 by Femi Olugbon
 ///
@@ -13,12 +13,10 @@
 #include "freertos/FreeRTOS.h"
 #include "freertos/task.h"
 
-
 #define TAG "I2C_LCD_PCF8574"
 
 #define I2C_MASTER_TIMEOUT_MS 1000
 
-
 // private functions
 static void lcd_send(i2c_lcd_pcf8574_handle_t* lcd, uint8_t value, bool is_data);
 static void lcd_write_nibble(i2c_lcd_pcf8574_handle_t* lcd, uint8_t half_byte, bool is_data, i2c_cmd_handle_t cmd);
@@ -38,7 +36,7 @@ void lcd_init(i2c_lcd_pcf8574_handle_t* lcd, uint8_t i2c_addr, i2c_port_t i2c_po
     lcd->data_mask[2] = 0x40;
     lcd->data_mask[3] = 0x80;
     lcd->backlight_mask = 0x08;
-}   // lcd_begin()
+}
 
 void lcd_begin(i2c_lcd_pcf8574_handle_t* lcd, uint8_t cols, uint8_t rows) {
 

main/drivers/power.cpp

@@ -9,28 +9,24 @@ void bat_monitor_task(void* arg) {
         uint16_t voltage = lipo.voltage();
         sprintf(str_buf, "%d.%03dV", voltage / 1000, voltage % 1000);
 
-        lcd_clear(&lcd);
+        lcd_clear();
-        lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 0);
+        lcd_print(1, 0, str_buf);
-        lcd_print(&lcd, str_buf);
 
         int16_t current = lipo.current(current_measure::AVG);
         sprintf(str_buf, "%dmA", current);
 
-        lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 1);
+        lcd_print(1, 1, str_buf);
-        lcd_print(&lcd, str_buf);
 
 
         int16_t total_cap = lipo.capacity(capacity_measure::FULL);
         sprintf(str_buf, "%dmAh", total_cap);
 
-        lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 2);
+        lcd_print(1, 2, str_buf);
-        lcd_print(&lcd, str_buf);
 
         int16_t soc = lipo.soc(soc_measure::FILTERED);
         sprintf(str_buf, "%d%%", soc);
 
-        lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 3);
+        lcd_print(1, 3, str_buf);
-        lcd_print(&lcd, str_buf);
 
 
         vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(250));

main/drivers/sd.cpp

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ sdmmc_card_t *card;
 static const char* mount_point = MOUNT_POINT;
 static const char* TAG = "sd";
 
-void init_sd() {
+bool init_sd() {
     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Initializing SD card");
 
     esp_err_t ret;
@@ -52,15 +52,16 @@ void init_sd() {
             ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to initialize the card (%s). "
                      "Make sure SD card lines have pull-up resistors in place.", esp_err_to_name(ret));
         }
-        return;
+        return false;
     }
     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Filesystem mounted");
 
     // Card has been initialized, print its properties
     sdmmc_card_print_info(stdout, card);
+    return true;
 }
 
 void deinit_sd() {
-    esp_vfs_fat_sdcard_unmount(mount_point, card);
+    ESP_ERROR_CHECK_WITHOUT_ABORT(esp_vfs_fat_sdcard_unmount(mount_point, card));
     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Card unmounted");
 }

main/drivers/sd.h

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ extern sdmmc_card_t *card;
 #define SD_PIN_D2  GPIO_NUM_39
 #define SD_PIN_D3  GPIO_NUM_38
 
-void init_sd();
+bool init_sd();
 void deinit_sd();
 
 #endif /* SD_H */

main/drivers/wires.cpp

@@ -81,8 +81,7 @@ void clear_wires_pressed_released_cut(void) {
 
 void strike(const char* reason) {
     ESP_LOGW("strike!", "%s", reason);
-    lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 0, 3);
+    lcd_print(0, 3, reason);
-    lcd_print(&lcd, reason);
     time_penalty(STRIKE_TIME_PENALTY);
     total_strikes += 1;
     uint8_t reg = 6;

main/helper.cpp

@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@ void clean_bomb(void) {
     set_module_sseg_raw(clear);
 
     // clear char lcd
-    lcd_clear(&lcd);
+    lcd_clear();
-    lcd_no_cursor(&lcd);
+    lcd_set_cursor_vis(false);
-    lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 0, 0);
+    lcd_cursor_home();
 }
 
 static const int STRING_MAX_LEN = 8;
@@ -47,8 +47,7 @@ void do_star_codes(StarCodeHandler* star_codes, int star_codes_len) {
                     StarCodeHandler sch = star_codes[i];
                     if (strcmp(current, sch.code) == 0) {
                         hit = true;
-                        lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 2);
+                        lcd_print(1, 2, sch.display_text);
-                        lcd_print(&lcd, sch.display_text);
                         vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(2000));
                         if (sch.callback != nullptr) {
                             (sch.callback)();
@@ -61,8 +60,7 @@ void do_star_codes(StarCodeHandler* star_codes, int star_codes_len) {
                 }
                 
                 if (!hit) {
-                    lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 2);
+                    lcd_print(1, 2, "Invalid Star Code");
-                    lcd_print(&lcd, "Invalid Star Code");
                     vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(2000));
                 }
                 
@@ -82,9 +80,8 @@ void do_star_codes(StarCodeHandler* star_codes, int star_codes_len) {
             }
             // ESP_LOGI(STEP0_TAG, "Pressed: %c", c);
 
-            lcd_clear(&lcd);
+            lcd_clear();
-            lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 1);
+            lcd_print(1, 1, current);
-            lcd_print(&lcd, current);
         }
 
         vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(10));

main/main.cpp

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ extern "C" void app_main(void) {
     init_leds();
     init_wires();
     init_bottom_half();
-    init_char_lcd();
+    
     init_power_board();
 
     clean_bomb();

main/steps/setup_wires.cpp

@@ -6,16 +6,13 @@ void print_wires(WireColor* wires, int editing_idx) {
     bool cut[NUM_WIRES];
     solve_wires(wires, cut);
 
-    lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 1);
     char string_buf[NUM_WIRES+1] = {0};
     wires_to_string(wires, string_buf);
-    lcd_print(&lcd, string_buf);
+    lcd_print(1, 1, string_buf);
 
-    lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 2);
     cut_to_string(cut, string_buf);
-    lcd_print(&lcd, string_buf);
+    lcd_print(1, 2, string_buf);
 
-    lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 3);
     wires_state = get_wires();
     for (int i = 0; i < NUM_WIRES; i++) {
         if (wires_state & (1<<i)) {
@@ -24,16 +21,16 @@ void print_wires(WireColor* wires, int editing_idx) {
             string_buf[i] = '!';
         }
     }
-    lcd_print(&lcd, string_buf);
+    lcd_print(1, 3, string_buf);
 
-    lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, editing_idx+1, 1);
+    lcd_set_cursor_pos(editing_idx+1, 1);
 }
 
 void setup_wires(void) {
     clear_all_pressed_released();
     get_cut_wires();
-    lcd_clear(&lcd);
+    lcd_clear();
-    lcd_cursor(&lcd);
+    lcd_set_cursor_vis(false);
 
     WireColor wires[NUM_WIRES];
     load_wires_from_sd_card(wires);
@@ -51,7 +48,7 @@ void setup_wires(void) {
                 save_wires_to_sd_card(wires);
                 print_wires(wires, editing_idx);
             } else if (key == KeypadKey::pound) {
-                lcd_no_cursor(&lcd);
+                lcd_set_cursor_vis(false);
                 return;
             }
         }

main/steps/step0.cpp

@@ -156,12 +156,11 @@ static const int CURSOR_POS_MAP[5] = {1, 3, 4, 6, 7};
 static char str_buf[18] = {0};
 static void _update_display(uint8_t* digits, uint8_t cursor_pos) {
     sprintf(str_buf, "%d:%d%d:%d%d", digits[0], digits[1], digits[2], digits[3], digits[4]);
-    lcd_clear(&lcd);
+    lcd_clear();
-    lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 1);
+    lcd_print(1, 1, str_buf);
-    lcd_print(&lcd, str_buf);
     cursor_pos = MAX(0, MIN(4, cursor_pos));
     int mapped_cursor_pos = CURSOR_POS_MAP[cursor_pos];
-    lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, mapped_cursor_pos, 1);
+    lcd_set_cursor_pos(mapped_cursor_pos, 1);
 }
 
 static void set_game_time(void) {
@@ -170,7 +169,7 @@ static void set_game_time(void) {
     uint8_t seconds = (initial_game_time / (1000)) % 60;
     uint8_t digits[5] = {hours, (uint8_t)(minutes / 10), (uint8_t)(minutes % 10), (uint8_t)(seconds / 10), (uint8_t)(seconds % 10)};
     uint8_t cursor_pos = 0;
-    lcd_cursor(&lcd);
+    lcd_set_cursor_vis(true);
 
     _update_display(digits, cursor_pos);
 

main/steps/step1.cpp

@@ -196,27 +196,26 @@ static int generate_part(void) {
 static void update_lcd_count(int times) {
     char buf[16] = {0};
     sprintf(buf, "%d/15", times);
-    lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 14, 1);
+    lcd_print(14, 1, buf);
-    lcd_print(&lcd, buf);
 }
 
 static bool play_part(uint32_t time) {
     stop_module_timer();
     set_module_time(time);
 
-    lcd_clear(&lcd);
+    lcd_clear();
-    lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 1);
+    lcd_set_cursor_pos(1, 1);
     switch (part) {
         case 0:
-        lcd_print(&lcd, "COLOR");
+        lcd_print("COLOR");
         led_strip_set_pixel(leds, Led::char_lcd, 20, 0, 20);
         break;
         case 1:
-        lcd_print(&lcd, "NUMBER");
+        lcd_print("NUMBER");
         led_strip_set_pixel(leds, Led::char_lcd, 0, 0, 30);
         break;
         case 2:
-        lcd_print(&lcd, "SWITCH");
+        lcd_print("SWITCH");
         led_strip_set_pixel(leds, Led::char_lcd, 20, 20, 0);
         break;
     }

main/steps/step2.cpp

@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ void step2(void) {
         // for every bit in the answer-
         set_module_sseg_raw(display_map);
         if (get_pressed_keypad(&key)) {
-            lcd_clear(&lcd);
+            lcd_clear();
             char c = char_of_keypad_key(key);
             // ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Pressed: %c", c);
             if (c == answer_char) {
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ void step2(void) {
 
         if (strike_time != 0 && xTaskGetTickCount() - strike_time > pdMS_TO_TICKS(5000)) {
             strike_time = 0;
-            lcd_clear(&lcd);
+            lcd_clear();
         }
         vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(10));
     }

main/steps/step3.cpp

@@ -211,9 +211,8 @@ static bool one_second() {
     int lcd_string_idx = lcd_string_dist(gen);
     bool was_high = (tone / 3) == 1;
     write_leds();
-    lcd_clear(&lcd);
+    lcd_clear();
-    lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 1);
+    lcd_print(1, 1, LCD_STRINGS[lcd_string_idx]);
-    lcd_print(&lcd, LCD_STRINGS[lcd_string_idx]);
 
     int red_led_count = 0;
     int blue_led_count = 0;
@@ -268,8 +267,7 @@ static bool three_second() {
     int lcd_number = lcd_number_dist(gen);
     char lcd_number_string[9] = {0};
     sprintf(lcd_number_string, "%d", lcd_number);
-    lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 1);
+    lcd_print(1, 1, lcd_number_string);
-    lcd_print(&lcd, lcd_number_string);
 
     bool was_high = (tone / 3) == 1;
 
@@ -331,8 +329,7 @@ static bool six_second() {
 
     generate_random_lcd_text();
     vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(10));
-    lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 0, 0);
+    lcd_print(0, 0, random_lcd_text);
-    lcd_print(&lcd, random_lcd_text);
 
     int vowels = 0;
     for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {

main/steps/step4.cpp

@@ -657,9 +657,8 @@ static void check_line_clears(void) {
 static void update_score(void) {
     char buff[16] = {};
     sprintf(buff, "%d/%d", score, target_score);
-    lcd_clear(&lcd);
+    lcd_clear();
-    lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 1);
+    lcd_print(1, 1, buff);
-    lcd_print(&lcd, buff);
 }
 
 static void line_clear(int hi) {

main/steps/step5.cpp

@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ void step5(void) {
     clean_bomb();
     int solved_puzzles = 0;
     while (solved_puzzles < TIMES_TO_SOLVE) {
-        lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 1);
+        lcd_set_cursor_pos(1, 1);
         bool solved_correctly = false;
 
         int puzzle = puzzle_dist(gen);
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ void step5(void) {
 
         switch (puzzle) {
             case 0: {
-                lcd_print(&lcd, "Clear");
+                lcd_print("Clear");
                 set_module_time(TIME_CLEAR);
                 start_module_timer();
 
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ void step5(void) {
                 break;
             }
             case 1: {
-                lcd_print(&lcd, "Blank");
+                lcd_print("Blank");
                 set_module_time(TIME_BLANK);
                 start_module_timer();
                 
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ void step5(void) {
                 break;
             }
             case 3: {
-                lcd_print(&lcd, "Nothing");
+                lcd_print("Nothing");
                 set_module_time(TIME_NOTHING);
                 start_module_timer();
 
@@ -431,7 +431,7 @@ void step5(void) {
                 break;
             }
             case 4: {
-                lcd_print(&lcd, "Blink");
+                lcd_print("Blink");
                 set_module_time(TIME_BLINK);
                 start_module_timer();
 
@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ void step5(void) {
                 break;
             }
             case 5: {
-                lcd_print(&lcd, "Ummm");
+                lcd_print("Ummm");
                 set_module_time(TIME_UMMM);
                 start_module_timer();
 
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ void step5(void) {
                 break;
             }
             case 6: {
-                lcd_print(&lcd, "Plank");
+                lcd_print("Plank");
                 set_module_time(TIME_PLANK);
                 start_module_timer();
 
@@ -632,7 +632,7 @@ void step5(void) {
                 break;
             }
             case 7: {
-                lcd_print(&lcd, "What");
+                lcd_print("What");
                 set_module_time(TIME_WHAT);
                 start_module_timer();
 
@@ -705,8 +705,7 @@ void step5(void) {
                 }
 
                 // display expression
-                lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 2);
+                lcd_print(1, 2, display_expression.c_str());
-                lcd_print(&lcd, display_expression.c_str());
 
                 // set LEDs
 
@@ -764,13 +763,10 @@ void step5(void) {
                             entered_string += char_of_keypad_key(key);
                         }
 
-                        lcd_clear(&lcd);
+                        lcd_clear();
-                        lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 1);
+                        lcd_print(1, 1, "What");
-                        lcd_print(&lcd, "What");
+                        lcd_print(1, 2, display_expression.c_str());
-                        lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 2);
+                        lcd_print(1, 3, entered_string.c_str());
-                        lcd_print(&lcd, display_expression.c_str());
-                        lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 3);
-                        lcd_print(&lcd, entered_string.c_str());
                     }
                     if (get_module_time() <= 0) {
                         strike("Ran out of time!");
@@ -783,7 +779,7 @@ void step5(void) {
                 break;
             }
             case 8: {
-                lcd_print(&lcd, "Plink");
+                lcd_print("Plink");
                 set_module_time(TIME_PLINK);
                 start_module_timer();
 
@@ -826,8 +822,7 @@ void step5(void) {
 
                     // ESP_LOGI(TAG, "color string: %s", color_string.c_str());
 
-                    lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 2);
+                    lcd_print(1, 2, color_string.c_str());
-                    lcd_print(&lcd, color_string.c_str());
 
                     std::string entered_string;
 
@@ -856,13 +851,10 @@ void step5(void) {
                                 break;
                             }
 
-                            lcd_clear(&lcd);
+                            lcd_clear();
-                            lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 1);
+                            lcd_print(1, 1, "Plink");
-                            lcd_print(&lcd, "Plink");
+                            lcd_print(1, 2, color_string.c_str());
-                            lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 2);
+                            lcd_print(1, 3, entered_string.c_str());
-                            lcd_print(&lcd, color_string.c_str());
-                            lcd_set_cursor(&lcd, 1, 3);
-                            lcd_print(&lcd, entered_string.c_str());
                         }
                         if (get_module_time() <= 0) {
                             strike("Ran out of time!");